All Australian governments are working with Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people, their communities, organisations and businesses to implement the new National Agreement on Closing the Gap at the national, state and territory, and local levels. This is called the 'Close the Gap' Campaign. Australia’s federal, state and territory governments have joined the national Closing the Gap program that aims to improve education, employment and well-being in Indigenous communities. Abstract. The Gap is an ocean cliff on the South Head peninsula in eastern Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.The area, which faces the Tasman Sea, is located in the eastern suburb of Watsons Bay, in the Municipality of Woollahra, near South Head.Although the cliff is a popular visitor destination, it has an infamy for suicides. Closing the gap between Indigenous and non-Indigenous Australians 6 THE POLICY CHALLENGE The Prime Minister’s February 2009 report to Parliament, Closing the Gap on Indigenous Disadvantage:: The Challenge for Australia, outlined the evidence on which the Government’s closing the gap commitments are based. The government acknowledged “the need to do better” on disparities between Indigenous and non-Indigenous Australians, noting the 2020 Closing the Gap report indicated Australia was on … The Bridging the Gap Foundation has been established through the Menzies School of Health Research (Menzies) and Charles Darwin University (CDU) to fund research in health and education in order to address one of Australia’s most urgent issues: the gap between Indigenous and non-Indigenous Australians’ health and education opportunities and outcomes. The Closing the Gap campaign is a strategy developed by a coalition of Australian governments to tackle issues disproportionately affecting Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians. This paper provides an analysis of the national Indigenous reform strategy - known as Closing the Gap - in the context of broader health system reforms underway to assess whether current attempts at addressing Indigenous disadvantage are likely to be successful. The gap in schooling outcomes between Indigenous and non-Indigenous students varies by state and territory. Since 2006, Australia's peak health bodies, NGOs and human rights organisations have worked together, aiming to achieve health and life expectancy equality for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people. At the same time, Indigenous Australians have a life expectancy gap of 8.6 and 7.8 years against non-Indigenous Australian women and men, respectively. This is an unprecedented shift in the way governments have previously worked to close the gap. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people continue to experience higher levels of illness and rates of imprisonment than Australia's non-Indigenous population. The health gap between Indigenous and non-Indigenous Australians is best illustrated by differences in life expectancy: • For females, Indigenous life expectancy at birth in 2010–2012 was 73.7 years, compared with 83.1 years for non-Indigenous females, a gap of 9.5 years. How large is the gap?

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